vault: Vault ‘arched roof’ [14] and vault ‘jump’ [16] are distinct words, although they share a common ancestor: Latin volvere ‘roll, turn’ (source also of English involve, revolve, etc). Its feminine past participle volūta evolved in Vulgar Latin into *volta, which was used as a noun meaning ‘turn’, hence ‘curved roof’.
English acquired it via Old French voute or vaute. The use of vaulted ceilings in underground rooms led in the 16th century to the application of vault to ‘burial chamber’. Also from volvere came Vulgar Latin *volvitāre ‘turn a horse’, hence ‘leap, gambol’. This passed via Italian voltare and French volter into English as vault. => involve, revolve, volume
vault (n.1)
"arched roof or ceiling," c. 1300, vaute, from Old French voute "arch, vaulting, vaulted roof or chamber," from Vulgar Latin *volta, contraction of *volvita, noun use of fem. of *volvitus, alteration of Latin volutus "bowed, arched," past participle of volvere "to turn, turn around, roll" (see volvox). The -l- appeared in English c. 1400, an etymological insertion in imitation of earlier forms (compare fault (n.)).
vault (v.1)
"jump or leap over," especially by aid of the hands or a pole, 1530s, transitive (implied in vaulting); 1560s, intransitive, from Middle French volter "to gambol, leap," from Italian voltare "to turn," from Vulgar Latin *volvitare "to turn, leap," frequentative of Latin volvere "to turn, turn around, roll" (see volvox). Related: Vaulted; vaulting.
vault (n.2)
"a leap," especially using the hands or a pole, 1570s, from vault (v.1).
vault (v.2)
"to form with a vault or arched roof," late 14c., from Old French vaulter, volter, from voute "arch, vaulted roof" (see vault (n.1)). Related: Vaulted; vaulting.
双语例句
1. He ordered that Matilda's body should be buried in the family vault.
他指示马蒂尔达的遗体必须葬在家族墓穴里。
来自柯林斯例句
2. He could easily vault the wall.
他可以轻松地翻过墙去。
来自柯林斯例句
3. The old patrician was buried in the family vault.
这位老贵族埋在家族的墓地里.
来自《简明英汉词典》
4. The gold was reached the bank's vault under convoy of armed guards.
