discipline
英 ['dɪsɪplɪn]
美 ['dɪsəplɪn]
- n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚
- vt. 训练，训导；惩戒
助记提示
1、dis- "apart" + cip- => discip- "grasp intellectually, analyze thoroughly" => 进而引申为: learn.
2、discip- + -le(diminutive) => people that learn.
3、disciple => discipl- + -ine.
4、含义：order necessary for instruction, treatment that corrects or punishes, branch of instruction or education, military training, orderly conduct as a result of training.
中文词源
discipline 训练，纪律来自disciple, 学习，门徒。引申词义训练，必要的纪律，惩罚。
英文词源
- discipline
- discipline: [13] The Latin word for ‘learner’ was discipulus, a derivative of the verb discere ‘learn’ (which was related to docēre ‘teach’, source of English doctor, doctrine, and document). English acquired the word in Anglo- Saxon times, as discipul, and it was subsequently reformulated as disciple on the model of Old French deciple. Derived from discipulus was the noun disciplīna ‘instruction, knowledge’. Its meaning developed gradually into ‘maintenance of order (necessary for giving instruction)’, the sense in which the word first entered English (via Old French discipline).
=> disciple, doctor, doctrine, document - discipline (n.)
- early 13c., "penitential chastisement; punishment," from Old French descepline (11c.) "discipline, physical punishment; teaching; suffering; martyrdom," and directly from Latin disciplina "instruction given, teaching, learning, knowledge," also "object of instruction, knowledge, science, military discipline," from discipulus (see disciple (n.)).
Sense of "treatment that corrects or punishes" is from notion of "order necessary for instruction." The Latin word is glossed in Old English by þeodscipe.
Meaning "branch of instruction or education" is first recorded late 14c. Meaning "military training" is from late 15c.; that of "orderly conduct as a result of training" is from c. 1500. - discipline (v.)
- c. 1300; see discipline (n.). Related: Disciplined; disciplines; disciplining.
双语例句
- 1. To start a revolution, you need discipline, incisiveness and articulacy.
- 要革命，就要守纪律、看得远、善表达。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. The aim of discipline is to teach children to behave acceptably.
- 纪律的目的是教育儿童举止得体。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. The discipline of studying music can help children develop good work habits.
- 音乐学习中的训练可以帮助孩子们培养好的工作习惯。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. Hospital discipline was broken. Amy would have to explain herself.
- 破坏了医院的纪律，埃米将不得不为自己辩解。
来自柯林斯例句
- 5. Self-discipline, willingness, enthusiasm, that's what you must depend on.
- 自律、自愿与热情，这是你所必须依仗的。
来自柯林斯例句
